What type of heat transfer occurs in liquids and gases due to bulk movement?

Convection is the correct answer as it refers to the process of heat transfer that occurs in fluids, which include both liquids and gases, due to the bulk movement of the fluid itself. In convection, warmer parts of the fluid rise while cooler parts sink, creating a circulation pattern that effectively transfers heat throughout the fluid. This dynamic movement is key to the convection process, allowing for a more efficient transfer of energy compared to other methods.

Conduction, on the other hand, is the transfer of heat through a material without the movement of the material itself, relying instead on direct contact between particles. It is more relevant in solids rather than in fluids. Radiation is the transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium to occur, allowing heat to be transferred even through the vacuum of space. Superheat, though related to heat, specifically describes a state of a substance where it exists as a vapor at a temperature higher than its boiling point, without transitioning back to a liquid. Thus, convection is the most accurate term describing heat transfer in liquids and gases through bulk movement.